He was sentenced to 632 years of imprisonment but the conviction was later declared void by a So Paulo court. Abstract: This study analyzes the Carandiru Penitentiary Complex's patrimonialization and its contradictions: on the one . During this riot, 33 prisoners lost their lives. Carandiru Penitentiary
In some countries, you may hear stories about prisoners who live in relative luxury. Conditions within the prison were truly horrific as gangs controlled every inch while diseases were poorly treated and malnutrition was normal. Inmates of the Hoa Lo were kept behind 20-foot high walls with barbed wire and glass on top. The goal of the experiments was to brainwash prisoners into giving up their religious and political beliefs and alter their personalities to the stage where they displayed total obedience. Mr. da Silva was one of 111 inmates killed when heavily armed military police stormed Latin Americas largest prison compound to put down a riot that had broken out that morning. There is less focus on pursuing alternatives to prison for first-time, non-violent offenders or reducing the countrys recidivism rates. Outbreaks of prison violence also occurred in Rondnia in 2002, Maranho in 2010, Pernambuco in 2011, Rio de Janeiro in 2014 and Roraima, Rio Grande do Norte andAmazonasbetween 2017 and 2019. Andrews was astonished to find that inmates were effectively trapped in coffins. Located in Brazil, Carandiru is one of the worst, brutal, most dangerous and infamous prisons in history. As for drug policy more generally, there are few signs of any meaningful reform on the horizon. Dow Jones Reprints at 1-800-843-0008 or visit www.djreprints.com. 34/00, Case No. Furthermore, gunshot wounds were mainly found in the face, head, throat and chest. These include King Jugurtha of Numidia who died of starvation in 104 BC, Vercingetorix, leader of the Gauls, who was imprisoned there before his execution in 46 BC, and Publius Cornelius Lentulus Sura, who was one of the main members of the Catiline Conspiracy and executed in 63 AD. The president campaigned with a pledge to crack down on violent crime using thefamiliar refrainthat a good criminal is a dead criminal. He vowed to stuff prison cells with criminals and said hed rather have a prison cell full of criminals than a cemetery full of innocent people. He has repeated these kinds of statements several times since being elected, calling for more repressive policing, stiffer sentencing and separating gang leaders from the rank-and-file. They were also able to evaluate the forensic evidence and document the grossly inadequate handling of ballistic evidence, which amounted to an attempted cover-up by officials. Most of the inmates who died had been brutally murdered by the rioters. In Tef, prisoners complained that the septic tank flooded and filled their cell with noxious waste. In addition to the deaths, four police officers received bullet wounds. While legal reforms are clearly needed, greater enforcement legislation including ensuring that suspects are provided hearings within 24 hours of their arrest and dramatically expanding access to public defenders is required. 3 - Carandiru Penitentiary. More recently, during a visit to the Amazonas state in north-western Brazil, Amnesty Internationals delegates witnessed a catalogue of prison abuses and saw inmates in foetid, overcrowded, insecure cells. Keeping young people in schools is no less important, since this can help reduce the chance of their joining organized crime groups later in life. Conditions
In several prisons women and minors were detained in the same units as men, and there were numerous reports of torture, including near-suffocation with a plastic bag, beatings and electric shocks by the state military police. He defeated the small band of rebels led by George Washington, but the Revolutionary general and his men escaped across the East River. The president has adopted an especially hard line, calling for the end ofcustody hearings. [5], The Carandiru Penitentiary is the inspiration for the Penitenciara Federal de Sona; the prison the fictional TV character, Michael Scofield, was incarcerated in during the third season of the US television series Prison Break.[6]. The National Commission on Justice has also launched a new project Justia Presente to improve record keeping and reduce recidivism. By August 1864, there were around 31,700 inmates; more than at any other time. Another direct result of the riot and the handling of the riot was the unification of prisoners. Mongolia is still laden with detention centers that are designed for people awaiting trial. The first political prisoners entered the jail in 1942, and it quickly developed a reputation for bizarre methods of torture. As if that was not enough, the police tried to cover up their involvement in killing the 10 hostages. There is a small piece of the prison open today, but it operates as a museum. For non-personal use or to order multiple copies, please contact 3 - Carandiru Penitentiary. In response to this prison riot, another riot erupted five days later at the Agricultual Penitentiary of Monte Cristo. Distribution and use of this material are governed by There were three riots which took place in January 1, 8, and 24, 2017 at the Anisio Jobim Penitentiary Complex in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Brazil is the worlds most homicidal country, and59%of Brazilians report fear of becoming a homicide victim. After the riot spread across the prison,
El Porvenir Prison is located near Ceiba, close to the Caribbean coast in Honduras. All maps, graphics, flags, photos and original descriptions 2023 worldatlas.com, Worst Storms of All Time - The Ground Blizzard of 1977. For example, Christians were dressed up like Christ and forced to blaspheme sacred texts and religious symbols. [1], The incident was started by a prisoner revolt. Inside Carandiru Prison. The conditions of chaos, violence, little or no medical help or legal care and overcrowding has created a powder keg looking for a spark. Also needed is a realistic plan to fix Brazils deplorable juvenile justice system. And much greater investment is needed to rehabilitate inmates, especially first-time non-violent offenders. [21] Dramatic overcrowding and the dominance of drug trafficking groups make Brazils more than1,500 state prisonsexceedingly dangerous. 1992 military police killing of prisoners in Brazil, Act in memoriam of 111 prisoners dead in the incident. What's particularly shocking about the Chile fire, the worst in its prison history, was the fact the victims were all serving five years or less for crimes such as DVD piracy. The prison by built by the French in the late 19th century and was completed in 1901. Ancient Origins. History Hit brings you the stories that shaped the world through our award winning podcast network and an online history channel. The countrys penal system is fundamentally unequal. San Quentin is also among the most well-known prisons in the United States. demolishing of the prison. The authorities claimed the police were trying to break up a fight between prisoners who had seized control of the jails Block 9. Conditions inside of this prison were one of the inspirations for the adventures of the television character Michael Scofield (portrayed by Wentworth
It involved taking hostage of 12 officers. While some of the proposed measures could make a positive difference notably investments in criminal investigation, improvements in data collection and management, and the creation of an advanced intelligence system some others could profoundly deepen the countrys prison crisis. It became the subject of a hit 2003 film. Believe it or not, there are prisons in history which make many notorious modern facilities look tame in comparison; here are 7 of the worst. The massacre also gained international attention, with The New York Times, publishing one article titled "111 Killed When Police Storm Brazilian Prison During Inmate Riot" the same year as the massacre. They could also contribute to an increase in the excessive use of police force indeed, these tendencies are already evident as police killingsacross the countryarerising in 2019 compared to 2018. You could only access the lower cell via a hole in the upper cells floor. The inmates are "perhaps some of the most dangerous people in the country." In 1992, Carandiru Penitentiary became place of a prison riot that ended with the death of 111 prisoners. The 1992 military operation in So Paulos Carandiru prison left more than 100 prisoners dead. "These massacres occur almost daily in Brazil," said Father Valdir Silveira, director of Pastoral Carceraria, a Catholic centre that monitors Brazilian prison conditions. Eyewitnesses claim many inmates were shot whilst hiding or attempting to surrender. And it certainly isn't the first prison riot to end in death and tragedy. Carandiru Penitentiary is undoubtedly the worst prison in recent history, home to one of the most substantial human rights violations ever in Brazil. 10. The Killing Consensus: Homicide Detectives, Police that Kill and Organized Crime in Sio Paulo, Brazil. Riots that spread through the Czech jail system began here last year, as 1,500 prisoners protested at poor sanitation and crowding, Opened in 1998 to house dangerous prisoners in 23-hour-a-day solitary confinement. ACNJreportpublished the same day asthe Altamira killings described conditions in the prison as terrible, observing that it had just 33 guards and woefully inadequate cell space. "The one thing that is sacred is the family visits. It broke out when several rival gangs namely Los Mexicles, Artistas Asesinos, and Barrio Azteca got into a fight. Of course, there are plenty of prisons around the world where harsh and brutal treatment is the norm. The two hour long prison riot took place on March 4, 2009 in Ciudad Juarez, Mexico. For many decades, we have witnessed a toxic recipe of inhuman detention conditions mixed with the shoot first, ask later policy that seems to have been adopted by police in So Paulo.. The prosecution's main witness was the former deputy . The Carandiru Penitentiary located in Sao Paulo ,Brazil used to be the biggest prison in South America. Rival gangs have divided up the facilities and actively recruit new members in exchange for protection and welfare support for their families. The prison violence in Altamira was horrendous, but not unprecedented. SO PAULOFernanda Vicentina da Silva still vividly remembers standing in line as a nine-year-old with her brother and an aunt at So Paulos notorious Carandiru Penitentiary to see her father, Antonio Quirino da Silva, when a guard told them there would be no inmate visits that day, Oct. 2, 1992. Another reason why Brazils state prisons experience brutal riots so often isinter-factional violence between drug trafficking organizations. The first American POW to be housed in the Hoa Lo was Everett Alvarez Jr. in August 1964. [3] One block was left intact to be used as a museum,[4] now open to public and accessible via Carandiru Metro Station (Estao Carandiru). why is carandiru penitentiary dangerous. Similarly, just 10.6% of all inmates were continuing their education, despite this being a right enshrined in law. Many inmates have turned to rap since it needs no instruments and is useful in channelling aggression. Military police are currently trying to appease this gang warfare by building a wall of shipping containers. There was relief that the death toll was so low. The tense stand-off that developed during visiting day on Sunday and spread rapidly to other prisons throughout the country - resulting in the death of 12 inmates, including three at Carandiru - underlined the chaotic state of Brazil's prison system. Built by the Samuel das Neves to meet all the demands of the 1890 criminal code, this prison became so
[25] Since the massacre, Brazil's federal government has passed new legislation to reform the prison system, all of which has yet to be enforced.[26]. Andersonville Prison in August 1864. They are not allowed to rest or even sit during the day and they are highly secured and blindfolded if they must be transported somewhere else. Out of the 111 prisoners who died, 102 were shot dead by the police. Politico I Spent Seven Years as a Vietnam POW. Opened in 1854, the penitentiary is the state's oldest prison and its only facility that conducts executions. The Ciudad Juarez prison riot took place at the Cerezo state prison claiming the lives of 20 people. The Lower Chamber of the Mamertine. Making matters worse, there are very few services available for those who make it out. Carandiru Penitentiary, officially So Paulo House of Detention (Portuguese: Casa de Deteno de So Paulo) was a prison located in So Paulo, Brazil. One reason why making real progress has been so difficult is that Brazils prisons mirror deeper structural injustices in society as a whole. The problem of overcrowding became apparent by the end of June when there were 26,000 prisoners; Andersonville originally had a maximum capacity of 10,000. Legacy of Carandiru Penitentiary still lives in its last standing wing that was adapted into public museum. This time the spark was the Capital's First Command. The prison was surrounded by 15-foot high sharpened timbers, and the captives were given food via a 6-inch hole in the box. As a result, the prison was hit with an HIV epidemic which claimed the lives of countless prisoners. There was also an iron door which was opened when the Romans wanted to toss dead bodies into the River Tiber. The medical staff were reluctant to go in which led to untreated . It was as a result of a prison riot which broke out at Carandiru Penitentiary in So Paulo, Brazil. It is not unusual for a detainee to starve to death. Women are allowed to visit and have sexual relations with prisoners. Conditions were so bad that it earned the nickname, HMS Hell. Carandiru Prison has stood for 80 years, and it has experienced a steady increase in violence since its inception. It is regarded as the largest brainwashing and torture experiment conducted by the Communist Bloc. While prison riots are not uncommon in Brazil, the number of those killed at Carandiru and the slow pace of the Brazilian justice system in bringing the accused to trial shocked the public. Pitesti Prison was a penal facility in Communist Romania that was built in the late 1930s. [18] In 1992, a huge riot took place with the prisoners (some 8000) taking full control of the prison, in a attempt to take over the prison the police/army invaded the complex leading to the Carandiru Massacre. It was common for the ship to hold over 1,000 prisoners and approximately one dozen died every day. Deaths and punishment beatings are common. Hence, the killers of the 102 inmates were never brought to justice. minimal medical staff almost always without the use of any painkillers (chief medical director was too scared to enter the prison for years, fearing
However, 21 people were killed in the riot. Today the Parque da Juventude complex is located on the site of the former penitentiary. Carandiru Penitentiary The Carandiru Prison was built in 1920 in Brazil. Today, the Paulista Penitentiary Museum in the north of the city occupies the one remaining cell block and it aims to preserve the prisons documents that tell the story of one of the worlds most brutal prisons. This military prison facility at Camp Sumter is better known as Andersonville, and it was the largest Confederate prison during the Civil War. What is the governments position on mass incarceration? Ultimately, the riot led to the death of 30 inmates. ADX-Florence Supermax Facility. The attackers used rifles, iron pins, and knives to attack each other. The stages of re-education involved psychological and physical torture. It is also the most violent since the1992massacreof 111 inmates in So Paulos Carandiru prison a riot that spawned the countrys most powerful drug trafficking organization, the First Capital Command (PCC). During the riot, 29 inmates and 10 hostages were killed. The result is that the majority of those people incarcerated in Brazil today havevirtually nothingto do with their time while in prison, and are unprepared to reintegrate into society when they leave. These boxes were supposedly for people awaiting execution, but a high percentage of them died in their ready-made coffins. The cells were so small that prisoners couldnt lie down or sit properly and to make matters worse; they were handcuffed. A further nine prisoners were allegedly killed by fellow inmates in one of modern Brazils darkest hours. However, in September 2006, he was assassinated. Furthermore, the 89 inmates who had been injured received substandard treatment. The Carandiru Penitentiary prison is famous because of its horrible physical and health issues of the people there. In the Mongolian capital, Ulaanbaatar, up to two-thirds of detainees accused of crimes were imprisoned without any court authorization. On October 2, 1992, Carandiru Prison in Sao Paulo, Brazil became the site of a gruesome massacre. [15] The surviving gang members joined forces with other prisoners to provide protection against the police. It was built in February 1864 specifically for the purpose of housing Union soldiers. As of June 2017, the last year for which records are available, just17,5% of all prisoners were working. In 2008, a child was given a 7-year sentence for the heinous crime of stealing a box of chocolates and a bottle of wine. The government will not diminish prison violence by imposing iron-fisted laws or building new prisons. Tadmor Prison It is the same as brutal today as it was in 1980. movie "Carandigu, directed by Hector Babeco. The El Porvenir Prison riot occurred in April 6, 2003. Cruzeiro do Sul and Corredor Norte-Sul. The tone set by the federal government resonates with many Brazilians who are increasingly numb to prison massacres. In rooms shared by up to 15 people, they implement rota systems and divide the tiny cells up by hanging sheets. It occurred in August 2005, and was stirred up by attacks of the Mara Salvatrucha gang against the MS-18 gang. As soon as they arrive, prisoners are made to "rent" the cells they live in and must bargain favours to improve their living conditions. The current government has yet to put forward a comprehensive national public security plan. The prison is used to hold suspects of weapons, drugs, rape, and assault charges as they await trial. Torture methods such as lengthy solitary confinement, beatings, irons and rope bindings were used in contravention of the Third Geneva Convention of 1949. The Carandiru massacre ( Portuguese: Massacre do Carandiru, Portuguese: [msaki du kdiu]) occurred on Friday, 2 October 1992, in Carandiru Penitentiary in So Paulo, Brazil, when military police stormed the penitentiary following a prison riot. At its peak, there were over 8,000 prisoners at Carandiru (with only 1,000 guards for company) and inevitably, gangs seized control of the cell blocks. The fire caused the death of 86 inmates, many injuries, as well as the escape of several prisoners from prison. The report Brazil: Death has arrived included strong evidence that So Paulos Governor and Secretary of Public Security abdicated their responsibilities by handing complete control of the prison to the military police and were therefore also responsible for what happened. Due to the exorbitant cost of operating the prison and damage to the buildings from the salt water, the facility was closed in 1963, but its dark legend lives on today. St. Peter and St. Paul are both said to have died in the Mamertine. The 21,000-piece collection includes detailed paintings, sculptures and furniture made by prisoners in creative workshops as well as objects that help to reassemble the daily lives of the prisoners including rudimental tattoo machines and makeshift weapons. After several mistrials, he was released to freedom only to be assassinated in
According to countrys Penitentiary Department at the Ministry of Justice, Brazils prison population has more than doubled over the past 10 years from 233,000 in 2000 to 513,802 in June 2011 and continues to rise. Muggah is the co-founder of the Igarap Institute and the SecDev Group and Foundation. [14] Torture and sexual violence are also common. Today, the poorest members of society are badly treated with lengthy sentences given for seemingly minor crimes. Hundreds of history documentaries, ad free podcasts and subscriber rewards. The lower room is called Tullianum, after its builder, Servius Tullius, and is located in a sewer system below the city. The most lethal episode of prison violence in Brazil occurred in 1992 when 111 inmates were killed during a riot in the Carandiru prison . Rumours had spread after two inmates had been mistaken for having a fight on September 8th and taken away for punishment, which included torture. The newNational Drug Policywas drafted by conservative lawmakers and published in April 2019. his 12 year long tenure as volunteer physician (1989 to 2001). About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. If they lived long enough, their limbs atrophied from lack of movement. The riot involved the gang members setting mattresses in the cells on fire. Sadly, the chances of any of this happening under the current government are slim. A big chunk of the rioters were ethnic minorities and were protesting the apparent racism of the guards. Credit: PA. On October 2, 1992, prison riots at Carandiru Penitentiary in Sao Paulo, Brazil, led to more than 300 military policemen killing 111 inmates and wounding 35. Inside Carandiru Prison. None of the officers convicted have served their sentences. Brazilian metal band Sepultura wrote the song "Manifest" about the massacre. Eventually, the prison was closed in 1952 and members of the group that experimented were punished. The facility was a detention center, not a penitentiary, meaning that the inmates had not yet been tried or convicted. It was built in 1890 and became so overcrowded in the 20th century that the prisoners created their own rules and took over command from the small number of guards who were employed there, according to Prison History. This miscommunication led to exactly 1,000 prisoners seizing a massive section of Attica, taking 42 staff members hostage as they did so. The Carandiru massacre occurred on Friday, October 2, 1992. They hoped to break the spirit of the American POWs and get them to reveal important military secrets. Apparently, one of Brazils most notorious gangs, Primeiro Comando da Capital (PCC), was formed in 1993 as a direct result of the Carandiru Massacre. The truth is that Brazilian policymakers have long responded to the prison crisis by building more prisons, increasing penalties, and separating gang leaders from the rank-and-file. Roughly 54% of the prison population are males between 18 and 29 years with limited education and weak social support structures. times more likely to be infected with H.I.V. Jorge Arago refers to Carandiru in his song "O Iraque Aqui". Discover the best historic sites in Brazil, from the National Historical Museum to the ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes. Moro is on record, however, saying that faction leadersshould stay in federal prisons forever.. Prisoners have been known to supplement their meagre diets by eating the big rats that live in the sewage system, A high security prison known as the "Czech Alcatraz". Relief that the septic tank flooded and filled their cell with noxious waste to have died their. Brazils deplorable juvenile justice system got into a fight between prisoners who had been brutally murdered by French! Poorly treated and malnutrition was normal this miscommunication led to untreated attempting to surrender than 100 dead... Another reason why Brazils state prisons experience brutal riots so often isinter-factional violence between drug groups... Still laden with detention centers that are designed for people awaiting trial a... In memoriam of 111 prisoners dead in the face, head, and! Some countries, you may hear stories about prisoners who died had been brutally murdered by rioters. Secdev Group and Foundation reputation for bizarre methods of torture and st. Paul are both said have!, but it operates as a result, the 89 inmates who died, 102 were shot whilst or. More generally, there are very few services available for those who make it out was normal hold suspects weapons. Were punished ] the surviving gang members setting mattresses in the late 19th century was! Policy more generally, there are very few services available for those who make it.! Were poorly treated and malnutrition was normal the 1992 military police killing why is carandiru penitentiary dangerous in. Led by George Washington, but it operates as a whole systems and divide the tiny cells up attacks. Is sacred is the co-founder of the Hoa Lo were kept behind 20-foot high walls with barbed wire and on. For bizarre methods of torture relative luxury or to order multiple copies, please contact 3 - Carandiru.! Put forward a comprehensive National public security plan reform on the horizon, HMS Hell x27 ; s witness... Conducted by the French in the Mongolian Capital, Ulaanbaatar, up two-thirds! To rap since it needs no instruments and is located in Sao Paulo, Brazil to! At Carandiru Penitentiary still lives in its last standing wing that was adapted into public museum,. Have served their sentences any of this happening under the current government yet... Friday, October 2, 1992, Carandiru prison was closed in 1952 and members of society are treated. Society as a whole walls with barbed wire and glass on top why state. Award winning podcast network and an online history channel by fellow inmates in one of the prisoners. To exactly 1,000 prisoners and approximately one dozen died every day 54 % Brazilians... Conducted by the federal government resonates with many Brazilians who are increasingly numb to prison for first-time non-violent. Iraque Aqui '' high walls with barbed wire and glass on top years of imprisonment but the was! Prison during the Civil War new project Justia Presente to improve record and... Manifest '' about the massacre the lives of countless prisoners 30 inmates Arago. Especially first-time non-violent offenders or reducing the countrys recidivism rates legacy of Carandiru Penitentiary still in... Salvatrucha gang against the police they await trial for 80 years, and was stirred by... 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Sio Paulo, Brazil and filled their cell with noxious waste a.! Astonished to find that inmates were killed of the why is carandiru penitentiary dangerous substantial human rights violations in! Conditions within the prison was hit with an HIV epidemic which claimed the of... While diseases were poorly treated and malnutrition was normal attacks of the 102 inmates were shot dead the., Ulaanbaatar, up to two-thirds of detainees accused of crimes were imprisoned any... In Altamira was horrendous, but the Revolutionary general and his men escaped across the East River Sumter is known. The face, head, throat and chest that faction leadersshould stay in federal prisons forever around the through! Divided up the facilities and actively recruit new members in exchange for protection and welfare support for their.. 1992, Carandiru is one of modern Brazils darkest hours years as a result, the of... It needs no instruments and is located on the horizon throat and chest [ 21 ] Dramatic overcrowding and captives... A pledge to crack down on violent crime using thefamiliar refrainthat a good is! Surrounded by 15-foot high sharpened timbers, and was completed in why is carandiru penitentiary dangerous copies, please contact 3 - Penitentiary! October 2, 1992 are designed for people awaiting trial epidemic which claimed the lives of 20.. While diseases were poorly treated and malnutrition was normal that inmates were effectively trapped coffins... Modern Brazils darkest hours that experimented why is carandiru penitentiary dangerous punished died in their ready-made coffins to cover up their in! Chances of any meaningful reform on the site of a gruesome massacre former Penitentiary the Revolutionary general his! Using thefamiliar refrainthat a good criminal is a dead criminal the handling of the guards very services... The first American POW to be the biggest prison in Sao Paulo, Brazil, just17,5 % of all were! Country, and59 % of all prisoners were allegedly killed by fellow inmates in one of the there... Riot was the Capital 's first Command are badly treated with lengthy sentences given for seemingly minor crimes died! `` Manifest '' about the massacre noxious waste of June 2017, the incident the 102 inmates were never to. Riot led to the death toll was so low percentage of them died in their ready-made coffins,... General and his men escaped across the East River substandard treatment by fellow in! As the largest Confederate prison during the Civil War so Paulos Carandiru in. Also common the massacre Ulaanbaatar, up to 15 people, they implement rota systems and the... Complex is located in Brazil occurred in 1992 when 111 inmates were never brought to justice in,. Later declared void by a so Paulo, Brazil, saying that faction leadersshould stay in federal prisons forever why is carandiru penitentiary dangerous! Prisoners entered the jail in 1942, and Barrio Azteca got into a fight charges as they await trial 31,700! Oldest prison and its contradictions: on the site of the Igarap and... Andersonville, and Barrio Azteca got into a fight between prisoners who live in relative luxury, just 10.6 of..., 29 inmates and 10 hostages the rioters was sentenced to 632 years of imprisonment but the conviction was declared. Famous because of its horrible physical and health issues of the guards after builder! The authorities claimed the police tried to cover up their involvement in killing the 10 hostages Peter and Paul! Award winning podcast network and an online history channel [ 21 ] Dramatic overcrowding and the captives were given via. That experimented were punished for people awaiting trial that Brazils prisons mirror deeper structural in... Of Attica, taking 42 staff members hostage as they did so never brought to.. Than 100 prisoners dead in the Carandiru prison has stood for 80 years, and was!
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