The Battle of Tippecanoe was fought on November 7, 1811, in Battle Ground, Indiana between American forces led by Governor William Henry Harrison of the Indiana Territory and Indian forces associated with Shawnee leader Tecumseh and his brother Tenskwatawa, leaders of a confederacy of various tribes who opposed European-American settlement of the American frontier. As a young man, he followed the Chickamauga Cherokee war chief, Dragging Canoe, from the time the latter migrated southwest during the Cherokee–American wars. Tensions had already been rising rapidly as the Americans had become aware of Tecumseh's war aims. It was known as Tecumseh’s Confederacy and was involved in both the War of 1812 and Tecumseh’s War. As tensions and violence increased, Governor Harrison marched with an army of about 1,000 men to attack the confederacy's headquarters at Prophetstown, near the confluence of the Tippecanoe River and the Wabash River. While he was still in the south a preemptive strike was launched against Prophetstown, defeating his brother and a force of 500–700 warriors in the Battle of Tippecanoe. US government attempts, from the George Washington to William Henry Harrison administrations, to rid the area of the numerous Indian tribes eventually met with success as the Indians retreated westward by 1840 to avoid the large numbers of whites entering their territory. Tecumseh returned and began to rebuild the confederacy. Among the peoples known as the Great Lakes tribes, it occupied territory that is now identified as North-central Indiana, southwest Michigan, and western Ohio. [1] The confederation grew over several years and came to include several thousand warriors. Under Tecumseh's leadership, the confederation went to war with the United States during Tecumseh's War and the War of 1812. The American frontiersmen had a grievance that motivated their demand for war in 1812. The surrounding villages believed his death was caused by a form of witchcraft, and a witch hunt ensued leading to the death of several suspected Lenape witches. Little Turtle was a Sagamore (chief) of the Miami people, who became one of the most famous Native American military leaders. Tenskwatawa was a Native American religious and political leader of the Shawnee, known as the Prophet or the Shawnee Prophet. Deemed a threat to the United States, a preemptive strike against the confederation was launched resulting in the 1811 Battle of Tippecanoe. Tenskwatawa accepted the invitation and established the village of Prophetstown near the confluence of the Wabash and Tippecanoe Rivers, land claimed by the Miami. The dominant Miami tribe inhabited much of modern central Indiana and the powerful Pottawatomie tribe lived in northern Indiana and Michigan. The following units of the U.S. Army and state militia forces under Indiana Governor William Henry Harrison, fought against the Native American warriors of Tecumseh's Confederacy, led by Chief Tecumseh's brother, Tenskwatawa "The Prophet" at the battle of Tippecanoe on November 7, 1811. The tide of settlers had pushed game from the Indians’ hunting grounds, and, as a … [1][7], Tenskwatawa's religious teachings became increasingly militant following an 1807 treaty between the Americans, Fox tribe and Sauk. His growing popularity attracted Native American followers from many different tribes, including Shawnee, Chickamauga, Ojibwe/Chippewa, Mascouten, and Potawatomi. The Western Confederacy, or Western Indian Confederacy, was a loose confederacy of Native Americans in the Great Lakes region of the United States created following the American Revolutionary War. The witch hunts inspired a nativist religious revival led by Tecumseh's brother Tenskwatawa ("The Prophet") who emerged in 1805 as a leader among the witch hunters. [9]. The defeat was a terrible blow for the confederacy, which never fully recovered. Allying with the British in Canada at the outbreak of the War of 1812, Tecumseh now had a supply of rifles, bullets and gunpowder. Tecumseh's Confederacy is an article from Indiana Magazine of History, Volume 13. The tribes intermingled with one another, and most villages contained inhabitants of multiple tribes. The Western Confederacy, also called Tecumseh’s Confederacy was an organization of Aboriginal peoples based largely around the teachings of Tenskwatawa, the Prophet brother of Tecumseh. He made long journeys in a vast territory, from the Ozarks to New York and from Iowa to Florida, gaining recruits (particularly among the tribes of the Creek Confederacy, to which his mother’s tribe belonged). Tecumseh's Confederacy. The Piankeshaw and Kickapoo had also been adversely affected by treaties and migrated closer to Prophetstown. One of the victims was partially burnt by fire forcing him to confess to sorcery and to name his supposed co-conspirators. The Miami Tribe of Oklahoma is the federally recognized tribe of Miami Indians in the United States. The war was fought concurrently with the far more bloody Napoleonic Wars, which deflected much of the world's attention, leading to it often having been seen as a sideshow. Tecumseh's Confederacy was a group of Native Americans in the Old Northwest that began to form in the early 19th century around the teaching of Tenskwatawa (The Prophet). Background Family Lord Dunmore’s War, 1774 The Battle of Point Pleasant, 1774 Warrior Battle of Piqua 1780 During the American War of Independence 1786 Treaty Shawnee Chief Northwestern Indian War Battle of Wabash 1791 Battle of Fallen Timbers, August 20th 1794 Treaty of Greenville, 1795 Pan Indian Dream Tenskwatawa Tecumseh’s Confederacy Prophetstown 1808 Treaty of… Many of the disaffected came to align themselves with the Prophet and his teachings. The witch hunts inspired a nativist religious revival led by Tecumseh's brother Tenskwatawa ("The Prophet") who emerged in 1805 as a leader among the witch hunters. The decades that preceded the War of 1812 resulted in vast swaths of Native land being bought or stolen by European settlers and American frontiersmen. Although the war is often considered to have climaxed with William Henry Harrison 's victory at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811, Tecumseh's War essentially continued into the War of 1812 , and is frequently considered a part of …
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