Effect of indifferent electrolytes on the solubility product Factors Affecting Solubility. While only 1 gram of lead (II) chloride can be dissolved in 100 grams of water at room temperature, 200 grams of zinc chloride can be dissolved. Many salts show a large increase in solubility with temperature. Nature of solute/solvent, pressure, particle size and mechanical motion, also affect the solubility of a solute. of a solute is: the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a certain amount of solvent or solution at a certain temperature. 4. Describe the factors affecting solubility 2. Solubility and Factors Affecting Solubility. The solubility of a given solute in a given solvent typically depends on temperature. Common ion effect. Water is the universal solvent. Thus solubility of salt at 20 0 C 100 g water is 36g/100g. Exception: gaseous solutes dissolve less in hotter liquid solvents than in colder liquid solvents (c) Pressure: Pressure does not effect the solubility of most solutes in a solvent. Temperature. Crystal characteristics: polymorphism and solvation. The maximum amount of a solute that can dissolve in a solvent at a specified temperature and pressure is its solubility. Temperature is just one of the factors that influence solubility. Module 2 Lesson 2: Factors Affecting Solubility At the end of the lesson, you should be able to: 1. Differentiate the nature of solute and solvent 3. Factors affecting the solubility of candidate drug molecules. 8. 7. Solubility can be changed by changing these factors. Example: In 100 g water at 20 0 C, 36 g salt can be dissolved. If all of the above mentioned factors ale excluded, a general rule can be found that larger particles are generally less soluble. Nature of solvent/ co-solvents. 2. A few, such as cerium(III) sulfate, become less soluble in water as temperature increases. 13.4 Factors Affecting Solubility. Let’s look at all of them in depth:-Temperature: Various solutes/solvents behave differently with change in temperature. MAIN FACTORS THAT AFFECT SOLUBILITY: Nature of the solute and solvent – The amount of solute that dissolves depends on what type of solute it is. The extent to which one substance dissolves in another depends on the nature of both the solute and the solvent. The larger the molecules of the solute are, the larger is their molecular weight and their size. Particle size of the solid. Solubility is often expressed as the mass of solute per volume (g/L) or mass of solute per mass of solvent (g/g), or as the moles of solute … Complex formation. It also depends on temperature and, at least for gases, on pressure. •The solubility of a solid increases with temperature. Factors Affecting Solid Solubility •The solubility of a solute at a particular temperature is the number of grams of a solute which must be added to 100 g of a solvent to produce a saturated solution. Some solutes exhibit solubility that is fairly independent of temperature. 1. 6. pH. Molecular structure of solute. 9. The nature of the solute/solvent, surface area of the particles, temperature, pressure, concentration of the solvent affect the solubility. Solute-Solvent Interactions. Factors That Affect Solubility (b) Temperature: The higher the temperature of the solvent the greater the solubility of the solute. 3. MAIN FACTORS THAT AFFECT SOLUBILITY: Nature of the solute and solvent – The amount of solute that dissolves depends on what type of solute it is. Solubility is the amount of solute in 100 cm 3 (100 mL) solvent.. Solubility and Factors Affecting Solubility. 5. solubility. It is more difficult it is for solvent molecules to surround bigger molecules.
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